|
Macro-Puinavean is a hypothetical proposal linking some very poorly attested languages to the Nadahup family. The Puinave language is sometimes linked specifically with the Nadahup languages ( ''Maku''), as Puinave–Maku, and the Maku language of Roraima is sometimes connected to the Arutani–Sape languages (yet again also known as ''Maku'') in a ''Kalianan'' branch, a connection which Kaufman (1990) finds "promising", but there is too little data on these languages to know for sure. Hodï has been proposed specifically as a sister of Puinave–Nadahup. Epps (2008)〔Patience Epps, 2008. ''A Grammar of Hup''. Mouton de Gruyter.〕 criticizes the Puinave–Nadahup proposal for relying on inaccurate data, having no clear concept of basic vocabulary, and using an unsystematic mix of Nadahup languages in the comparison. The languages were originally linked simply because they are all called ''Maku'' "babble" by Arawakans; that is, because they are spoken by hunter-gatherers, and since then some linguists have attempted to verify the connection by finding cognates. However, no convincing cognates have yet been found. For example, Rivet and Tastevin claim that the Hup pronoun ''am'' "I" corresponds to Puinave ''am'' "I", but the Hup pronoun ''’am'' actually means "you"; the Hup pronoun for "I" is ''’ãh''. Other "strikingly similar" pairs, such as Puinave ''ueyu'' "day" and Hup ''uerhó'' (actually ') "sun", are not particularly convincing, and no regular sound correspondences have been detected. ==References== an:Luengas makú de:Maku-Sprachen es:Lenguas makú eo:Pŭinavaj lingvoj hr:Puinavean ru:Пуйнавские языки 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Macro-Puinavean languages」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|